https://yibo-fu.com Yibo Fu Mon, 09 Mar 2026 18:43:35 +0000 https://yibo-fu.com en https://yibo-fu.com/SoundOff-Low-cost-Passive-Ultrasound-Tags-for-Non-invasive-and-Non Tue, 22 Jul 2025 22:12:15 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/SoundOff-Low-cost-Passive-Ultrasound-Tags-for-Non-invasive-and-Non SoundOff: Low-cost Passive Ultrasound Tags for Non-invasive and Non-Intrusive Smart Home SensingYibo Fu, Vivian Shen, Víctor Riera Naranjo, Bolei Deng, Alex T Adams, Josiah Hester In Proceedings of&nbsp;IMWUT (Ubicomp)&nbsp;Vol. 9, No. 4 &nbsp; doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/3770666 Featured on Georgia Tech News, Yahoo!Tech, Interesting Engineering,&nbsp;New Atlas, Hackster.io,&nbsp;TechXplore, TechRadar,&nbsp;Digital Trends, Hacker News Download&nbsp;Media package <img width="3556" height="1038" width_o="3556" height_o="1038" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/69db7e19078c96d68da3839933cf6eb275e6c8d993088ba28991766ada15e993/ff-01.png" data-mid="240533724" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/69db7e19078c96d68da3839933cf6eb275e6c8d993088ba28991766ada15e993/ff-01.png" /><img width="2035" height="1491" width_o="2035" height_o="1491" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/80c6b50261ad2e0a17ec00632e4b4a10c1755e88269c783b1a3a8e19e3e15167/applications.png" data-mid="238548713" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/80c6b50261ad2e0a17ec00632e4b4a10c1755e88269c783b1a3a8e19e3e15167/applications.png" />Understanding in real time how we move, operate, and interact within living and working spaces is crucial to applications in smart buildings, elder care, and automated industry. Myriads of systems have used complex electronics to capture this information, yet they often rely on independent sensors or devices that require active power and circuitry, also raising privacy concerns when using cameras or microphones. These solutions are often difficult to setup, have incompatible ecosystems, and require extra cost when upgrading already existing devices. Here we propose SoundOff, a system that deploys ultra-low-cost, easily manufacturable, passive ultrasound emitting tags in any indoor environment (i.e., door knobs, toilet lids, cabinets, faucets, and windows), where the movement of this furniture causes a unique ultrasonic emission identifiable by a wearable device worn by users. These tags generate ultrasound signals during everyday interaction, above the range of human hearing, making them non-intrusive and non-invasive. This electronics-free, zero-infrastructure solution provides a scalable way to instrument spaces. Through a series of performance evaluations, we show that the ultrasonic emissions generated by SoundOff with different geometrical designs are not only robust to various environmental noises but also easily distinguishable from each other. Through physics-based modeling, we demonstrate how to systematically generate thousands of designs with unique and easily distinguishable ultrasonic emissions, enabling a wide range of interactions that can be mapped to custom automation systems such as Home Assistant. We open-source the work, including a geometric modeling pipeline and fabrication guide that enables design exploration, as well as an easily modifiable recognition system, allowing SoundOff tags to be replicated and disseminated throughout any indoor environment. <img width="3924" height="2207" width_o="3924" height_o="2207" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/7d6959e7787c619d1d40f60423086fa56169945d3a119b95289712bfb534003f/INF09879.png" data-mid="238548715" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/7d6959e7787c619d1d40f60423086fa56169945d3a119b95289712bfb534003f/INF09879.png" /> <img width="2886" height="1201" width_o="2886" height_o="1201" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/5517de8ea832f15fd41a066a48dc1b56506528d6f6f46df7401e7a80b84a34b4/simulation-screenshots.png" data-mid="238548716" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/5517de8ea832f15fd41a066a48dc1b56506528d6f6f46df7401e7a80b84a34b4/simulation-screenshots.png" /> <img width="4032" height="4126" width_o="4032" height_o="4126" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/3b52e1f957c3fdce3e817232dec25c183ea4dae7f32f07eae4155fd2d8d4e4ce/ground-truth-of-15-taga.png" data-mid="238548714" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/3b52e1f957c3fdce3e817232dec25c183ea4dae7f32f07eae4155fd2d8d4e4ce/ground-truth-of-15-taga.png" /> <img width="1925" height="1852" width_o="1925" height_o="1852" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/04603c65d9a0afc82b8c50c9fab952ea353095d9012a740352cf98a7db97f41b/DSP.png" data-mid="238548718" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/04603c65d9a0afc82b8c50c9fab952ea353095d9012a740352cf98a7db97f41b/DSP.png" /> (1) We bandpass the microphone input from 20 kHz to 100 kHz, so that we process ultrasound frequencies only.(2) We find the impulse response full-spectrogram spike by finding the local maxima in amplitude.(3) Each peak is segmented into a 0.15 second data window, and a spectrogram is computed using Librosa.(4) For each segment, we first filter out vertical spikes using a median filter with a window size of 6, which corresponds to approximately 0.008 seconds at our sampling rate of 384,kHz (hop length = 512, FFT size = 1024).(5) For each filtered segment, we extract 10 local maxima along the frequency axis: 4 below 35 kHz, 3 between 35–65 kHz, and 3 above 65 kHz. This binning approach ensures that local maxima are selected relative to their neighboring frequencies rather than globally across the spectrum. Since higher frequencies attenuate exponentially faster, selecting global peaks would bias toward lower frequencies. The binning strategy helps balance this and ensures fair representation of high-frequency content.(6) A frequency is considered a match if it falls within a ±400 Hz tolerance of a labeled frequency.(7) To improve robustness, we apply a penalty to multiple matches with large deviations from the expected values, reducing their contribution to the match score.(8) If at least 40% of the labeled frequencies (e.g., 4 out of 9 for Tag 1) are matched &amp; the penalty score is less than 0.2, the signal is classified as that tag.(9) Send the classified tag name, or ‘Uncategorized’ if no match is found, via Bluetooth or an HTTP request. <img width="4240" height="2832" width_o="4240" height_o="2832" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/6278f8b021c3d5e0c39b0de4f2f6ebd2d9f2d5c8c6d4bc5348bd35e439b0fd56/INF09901.png" data-mid="239983252" border="0" data-scale="29" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/6278f8b021c3d5e0c39b0de4f2f6ebd2d9f2d5c8c6d4bc5348bd35e439b0fd56/INF09901.png" /><img width="2061" height="629" width_o="2061" height_o="629" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/aa15ccb3c26f667bedee093dcbc728c151112839fd9c9f387aac0e4b62a30feb/Flowchart.png" data-mid="239872291" border="0" data-scale="65" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/aa15ccb3c26f667bedee093dcbc728c151112839fd9c9f387aac0e4b62a30feb/Flowchart.png" /> Automated Parametric Shape Generating<img width="4304" height="1546" width_o="4304" height_o="1546" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/f0264d57a64005699427f544e970736de84f5eaec2dd0ebe1059cb64e129cab5/INF09899.png" data-mid="239983067" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/f0264d57a64005699427f544e970736de84f5eaec2dd0ebe1059cb64e129cab5/INF09899.png" /> Evaluation of SoundOff System <img width="1038" height="398" width_o="1038" height_o="398" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/eeffc0c3dbeac87229fc60ee58a07ce5a678d63ced46710d066bcad761911319/setup.png" data-mid="239872288" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/eeffc0c3dbeac87229fc60ee58a07ce5a678d63ced46710d066bcad761911319/setup.png" /> <img width="1098" height="618" width_o="1098" height_o="618" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/1180dfaffba8c69ff04b95e152bb84f71e7f2e3cf1841ff894a498fe50b5668f/accuracy-vs-distance.png" data-mid="239872285" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/1180dfaffba8c69ff04b95e152bb84f71e7f2e3cf1841ff894a498fe50b5668f/accuracy-vs-distance.png" /> <img width="3840" height="2064" width_o="3840" height_o="2064" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/489a952db5d1a296439695cd42ecded7177606add2d4f1fd3918aa54e4bdbabc/cyclic.png" data-mid="239872287" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/489a952db5d1a296439695cd42ecded7177606add2d4f1fd3918aa54e4bdbabc/cyclic.png" /> <img width="1287" height="790" width_o="1287" height_o="790" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/cf44ec5d65a78891ba148219166850d4314c37cb4f09f826edacb4932750d612/cyclic-test.png" data-mid="239879312" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/cf44ec5d65a78891ba148219166850d4314c37cb4f09f826edacb4932750d612/cyclic-test.png" /> <img width="616" height="339" width_o="616" height_o="339" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/369933e841684e08ea1454be754ff9574bee76d6c87c30de76e70633c40a932e/speeds-rr.png" data-mid="239872284" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/616/i/369933e841684e08ea1454be754ff9574bee76d6c87c30de76e70633c40a932e/speeds-rr.png" /> <img width="2051" height="1421" width_o="2051" height_o="1421" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/59cbfd184beee0cb9e5d39557817174864b44923bf68cf7c59ffc4e83b5354d7/forsra.png" data-mid="239872293" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/59cbfd184beee0cb9e5d39557817174864b44923bf68cf7c59ffc4e83b5354d7/forsra.png" /> <img width="3396" height="1345" width_o="3396" height_o="1345" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/8568be7d06a8d928927960e24d5ab4e6506728cd9bb028e5b87fe6626b8c7aef/rebuttal_IMWUT_cpsd.png" data-mid="239879308" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/8568be7d06a8d928927960e24d5ab4e6506728cd9bb028e5b87fe6626b8c7aef/rebuttal_IMWUT_cpsd.png" /> <img width="1460" height="1255" width_o="1460" height_o="1255" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/82139ae7db729eb5303203f1916056159bfe7b514b7c2fa0528108dbc0236412/reproduce.png" data-mid="240005907" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/82139ae7db729eb5303203f1916056159bfe7b514b7c2fa0528108dbc0236412/reproduce.png" /> Real-world Deployed SoundOff Accuracy <img width="596" height="524" width_o="596" height_o="524" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/03b460b551c85e41de102e8fde3e1b41001cf311d3feb7713b2254a0371d0274/application-confusion-matrix.png" data-mid="239879315" border="0" data-scale="39" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/596/i/03b460b551c85e41de102e8fde3e1b41001cf311d3feb7713b2254a0371d0274/application-confusion-matrix.png" />Applications include non-intrusive elderly care, Smart home notifications<img width="3052" height="980" width_o="3052" height_o="980" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/74da10eb5b971a679858d8d55fb10b2f3545b2cffbe310afc1fc6589aa3711fa/apps.png" data-mid="240005908" border="0" data-scale="86" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/74da10eb5b971a679858d8d55fb10b2f3545b2cffbe310afc1fc6589aa3711fa/apps.png" /> https://yibo-fu.com/DropPop-Design-Drop-to-deploy-Mechanism-with-Bistable-Scissors Sun, 10 Dec 2023 09:21:46 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/DropPop-Design-Drop-to-deploy-Mechanism-with-Bistable-Scissors DropPop: Designing Drop-to-deploy Mechanism with Bistable Scissors Structures Yibo Fu, Emily Guan, Jianzhe Gu, Dinesh K Patel, Justin U Soza Soto, Yichi Luo, Carmel Majidi, Josiah Hester, Lining Yao&nbsp; In Proceedings of ACM UIST 2025 Featured on Techxplore, The Engineering <img width="4166" height="976" width_o="4166" height_o="976" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/fafc0d24406c1fcbf4885a09c657925a21138cac658b21315490382a298d63e8/slow-mo-with-time.png" data-mid="239683754" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/fafc0d24406c1fcbf4885a09c657925a21138cac658b21315490382a298d63e8/slow-mo-with-time.png" />&nbsp; Deployable structures often rely on complex deployment mechanisms such as external pneumatic pumps, electric motors, or manual assembly. These conventional methods, which are intended for applications in shape morphing architectures, robotics, and product design, can be bulky and unwieldy for everyday interaction and daily use. We introduce a new class of deployable structures that harness the locomotion of a single bistable cap to drive the expansion of a scissor-like mechanism. Such structures can be rapidly deployed (0.2-0.7s) upon a small trigger, and stabilize themselves requiring no sustained energy input. We explore various input modalities for deployment such as hand dropping, and drone deployment, and showcase demo applications. Additionally, we provide a computational design tool for customizing shape primitives with physics simulation and offer design guidelines for fabrication. <img width="10188" height="4156" width_o="10188" height_o="4156" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/41cf31114649871dad3b2883414a15fa63353bfd87ca00586472918747bc5fbf/cap-parameters-explained-chi-2024.png" data-mid="239683752" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/41cf31114649871dad3b2883414a15fa63353bfd87ca00586472918747bc5fbf/cap-parameters-explained-chi-2024.png" /> <img width="3545" height="2202" width_o="3545" height_o="2202" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/6ce538991ea990a53f5d319d5cccfa903520981132020210d68156a221260755/CHI2024_energy-plot.png" data-mid="239872198" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/6ce538991ea990a53f5d319d5cccfa903520981132020210d68156a221260755/CHI2024_energy-plot.png" /> <img width="12974" height="6118" width_o="12974" height_o="6118" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/284b442ebe68b36670922b442fac7f69ecb08dc0f5a6df0acb6a6d3f4c639053/important-overview-figure.png" data-mid="239872252" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/284b442ebe68b36670922b442fac7f69ecb08dc0f5a6df0acb6a6d3f4c639053/important-overview-figure.png" /> <img width="2365" height="2212" width_o="2365" height_o="2212" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/957290dd070d1ef3a7dfbfe0e5765852bd170bd9a40246b564d0f213b4696ea9/chi2024_shape-primitives-chart.png" data-mid="239683751" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/957290dd070d1ef3a7dfbfe0e5765852bd170bd9a40246b564d0f213b4696ea9/chi2024_shape-primitives-chart.png" /> <img width="6780" height="6527" width_o="6780" height_o="6527" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/f43e707c7a45893d7cb45ad0941c7af2a98235794937dd2bdf14db0209e2e201/software-flow-chi-2024.png" data-mid="239683750" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/f43e707c7a45893d7cb45ad0941c7af2a98235794937dd2bdf14db0209e2e201/software-flow-chi-2024.png" /> <img width="8332" height="3776" width_o="8332" height_o="3776" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/94b5abcdc8bf0fd2220e9260fbaac28ad5c47af7563d1040d712f850e14f8f24/force-and-energy.png" data-mid="239872184" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/94b5abcdc8bf0fd2220e9260fbaac28ad5c47af7563d1040d712f850e14f8f24/force-and-energy.png" /><img width="1754" height="1241" width_o="1754" height_o="1241" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/f053203b33db7f1d304e2a0e96317da6dce0567f6d595bed512b688ac1ed0ba7/Stability-test-with-and-without-cap.png" data-mid="239683753" border="0" data-scale="43" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/f053203b33db7f1d304e2a0e96317da6dce0567f6d595bed512b688ac1ed0ba7/Stability-test-with-and-without-cap.png" /> Demo<img width="5335" height="1759" width_o="5335" height_o="1759" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/3308f65e2b3dd118d983e1a8ee0e0e02bccdd48ffa51b816b6eee57e71a048f7/drone-for-chi-2025-caption.png" data-mid="239683749" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/3308f65e2b3dd118d983e1a8ee0e0e02bccdd48ffa51b816b6eee57e71a048f7/drone-for-chi-2025-caption.png" /> https://yibo-fu.com/TroubleMaker Mon, 17 Jan 2022 20:29:59 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/TroubleMaker Trouble Maker: Truth or Dare Generator based on Markov chain In collaboration with Yuqing Liang Core77 Design Award 2022 Notable In proceedings of CHI PLAY 2023, PDF featured on Arduino.cc featured on Yanko design ︎github repo <img width="6000" height="4000" width_o="6000" height_o="4000" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/cc2171dba894c13f95db0ea2c8dffadfc3168ad256e9b794280a237eb300c773/DSC02932.jpg" data-mid="133404164" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/cc2171dba894c13f95db0ea2c8dffadfc3168ad256e9b794280a237eb300c773/DSC02932.jpg" />Trouble Maker is a game gadget that generates random prompts for Truth or Dare game using Markov Chain. Truth or Dare is a classic party game that put the player in a dilemma between tricky questions and challenging tasks. However, there's the pain point of running out of prompts while playing. It is difficult to continuously come up with tricky prompts yourself, also the prompts you can find online are limited in amount and repetitive in content. We propose an innovative way to generate prompts using Markovify - a simple machine learning generator based on Markov Chain. Markovify predicts the next word only base on its previous word, but not the whole sentence. The fact that this ML model doesn't really understand the whole event, nor the true meaning of each sentence result in the absurdity of the prompts, and makes it more unpredictable. Through using a series of carefully selected input, including both absurd and serious content, Morkovify can generate 'infinite' troubles for the players that are beyond-human-imagination. <img width="5450" height="3807" width_o="5450" height_o="3807" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/b892540911e16b4c532e1400aceb08c378ec9b4988ccf782b27977bb9e726e03/IMG_8263-.jpg" data-mid="134059703" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/b892540911e16b4c532e1400aceb08c378ec9b4988ccf782b27977bb9e726e03/IMG_8263-.jpg" /> <img width="5616" height="3744" width_o="5616" height_o="3744" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/936a409593ba58b28b29e45f59fb5d1c1e1e335d65e851feeb3ae670f7f70d79/IMG_8268-.jpg" data-mid="134059704" border="0" alt="Switch mode" data-caption="Switch mode" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/936a409593ba58b28b29e45f59fb5d1c1e1e335d65e851feeb3ae670f7f70d79/IMG_8268-.jpg" /> <img width="5546" height="3697" width_o="5546" height_o="3697" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/04ae7b7b9a0dc3c90de68e80bee854c6cb97fe1ceb63c477a2263bd28e4ea8ff/IMG_8276--1.jpg" data-mid="134059705" border="0" alt="Click to generate a promt" data-caption="Click to generate a promt" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/04ae7b7b9a0dc3c90de68e80bee854c6cb97fe1ceb63c477a2263bd28e4ea8ff/IMG_8276--1.jpg" /> <img width="4386" height="2926" width_o="4386" height_o="2926" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/d2fb15a7f880ef55c948a1e870f7d358330424a90f36f6dfc6adb36cc4236081/IMG_8256-.jpg" data-mid="134059702" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/d2fb15a7f880ef55c948a1e870f7d358330424a90f36f6dfc6adb36cc4236081/IMG_8256-.jpg" /> <img width="5515" height="3677" width_o="5515" height_o="3677" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/b948f7a2b53de150380ec873244a16b47c43f7dd6389c997cef92a6749ff46c0/IMG_8282-1.jpg" data-mid="134059707" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/b948f7a2b53de150380ec873244a16b47c43f7dd6389c997cef92a6749ff46c0/IMG_8282-1.jpg" /> <img width="5616" height="3744" width_o="5616" height_o="3744" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/c840202b259d31bbb3692fca0fcb2146f095981618065c1ed0ac597839965f1a/IMG_8297-.jpg" data-mid="134059710" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/c840202b259d31bbb3692fca0fcb2146f095981618065c1ed0ac597839965f1a/IMG_8297-.jpg" /> <img width="5082" height="3456" width_o="5082" height_o="3456" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/dacd6485b13d3b67c60d5187188e33754615530dce1343cd79940c76865d6581/IMG_8286.jpg" data-mid="134059708" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/dacd6485b13d3b67c60d5187188e33754615530dce1343cd79940c76865d6581/IMG_8286.jpg" /> Process <img width="3362" height="2120" width_o="3362" height_o="2120" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/d79c983cfe13234aa4979e911639962620bc7bfc8b875e0b76e1511d2dae713f/2022-02-20-7.20.46.png" data-mid="134155994" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/d79c983cfe13234aa4979e911639962620bc7bfc8b875e0b76e1511d2dae713f/2022-02-20-7.20.46.png" /><img width="12344" height="9145" width_o="12344" height_o="9145" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/0651daa6c1baef52c896baa83c82767bc825dddefeaf34f34f4d621245c669c7/ML-Truth-dare-generator-01.jpg" data-mid="134163630" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/0651daa6c1baef52c896baa83c82767bc825dddefeaf34f34f4d621245c669c7/ML-Truth-dare-generator-01.jpg" /><img width="4125" height="3217" width_o="4125" height_o="3217" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/a4c64cdb24f4aef1943dfd7696bcde0ae44af76dc32b8ed3c493c826f2a88b4c/DSC02927.JPG" data-mid="132597417" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/a4c64cdb24f4aef1943dfd7696bcde0ae44af76dc32b8ed3c493c826f2a88b4c/DSC02927.JPG" /> <img width="1706" height="1278" width_o="1706" height_o="1278" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/270fffed98539750f8698a7ae894c1746c9395fac679225b7266c598df5c1a22/2750801644822871_.pic.jpg" data-mid="133405786" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/270fffed98539750f8698a7ae894c1746c9395fac679225b7266c598df5c1a22/2750801644822871_.pic.jpg" /> <img width="1706" height="1278" width_o="1706" height_o="1278" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/cec849bc862d5307ae3a0dd5a7e4fd8d1da35be553a2e53257ac6b6cd2281b9b/2750821644822871_.pic.jpg" data-mid="133405787" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/cec849bc862d5307ae3a0dd5a7e4fd8d1da35be553a2e53257ac6b6cd2281b9b/2750821644822871_.pic.jpg" /> <img width="1706" height="1278" width_o="1706" height_o="1278" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/29353c42469bb384f83cc7b873fa7f0f4b5acfb4bc9b6920bc11da9c1dc0d051/2750851644822871_.pic.jpg" data-mid="133405789" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/29353c42469bb384f83cc7b873fa7f0f4b5acfb4bc9b6920bc11da9c1dc0d051/2750851644822871_.pic.jpg" /> <img width="1706" height="1278" width_o="1706" height_o="1278" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/8887c92edc4d77a113d78c3fe4566fac545e070a49c43f49697478af703a5e26/2750831644822871_.pic.jpg" data-mid="133405788" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/8887c92edc4d77a113d78c3fe4566fac545e070a49c43f49697478af703a5e26/2750831644822871_.pic.jpg" /> <img width="1706" height="1278" width_o="1706" height_o="1278" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/6d6eab228007f3207e9958bfa3dbb24a69877b786b1a9789cb8ea3bf3227e6dc/2750861644822871_.pic.jpg" data-mid="133405790" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/6d6eab228007f3207e9958bfa3dbb24a69877b786b1a9789cb8ea3bf3227e6dc/2750861644822871_.pic.jpg" /> <img width="320" height="180" width_o="320" height_o="180" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/c81d149eaaebd097262e1abba14f4d4d4071c87d049b74b9fe742add0593ff78/0CA4A8A7-D4D5-4F19-89CD-11D7C1866523.GIF" data-mid="133405732" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/320/i/c81d149eaaebd097262e1abba14f4d4d4071c87d049b74b9fe742add0593ff78/0CA4A8A7-D4D5-4F19-89CD-11D7C1866523.GIF" /> <img width="5616" height="3744" width_o="5616" height_o="3744" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/00bc57cebef1e2edddccef7d7705afdd13f5567b9445a3c9f8ab8721f8c0ee87/IMG_8237.jpg" data-mid="132533546" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/00bc57cebef1e2edddccef7d7705afdd13f5567b9445a3c9f8ab8721f8c0ee87/IMG_8237.jpg" /> Markov Chain and the generating logic <img width="1710" height="1188" width_o="1710" height_o="1188" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/02f26e47af4c052c140e4076acc30fe73422c7b20d70643ca6ed2ac3871d0d28/Screen-Shot-2022-02-20-at-7.07.00-PM.png" data-mid="134167799" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/02f26e47af4c052c140e4076acc30fe73422c7b20d70643ca6ed2ac3871d0d28/Screen-Shot-2022-02-20-at-7.07.00-PM.png" /> Generated prompts ShowcaseMime challenge: Breathe to your own rhythm and let your chest rise and fall with each inhalation and exhalation. Explosively jump and switch the position of your shoulders to remain comfortable now that your spine is fully relaxed Repeat with your right leg and straighten your left leg, then bring your left elbow to your left knee, straightening your right leg. Get into a high plank. Feel the healing energy to bring your right elbow to your right knee. All you need to think about how lucky you are. Dark drink recipe: (Sometimes maybe good sometimes maybe hard to taste)Shake the vodka and orange juice with ice and strain into a cocktail glass, and serve. Pour vodka and coffee liqueur over ice cubes in a shaker, strain into a cocktail glass. Add grenadine for color and garnish with lemon or lime twist. Put Kahlua and Galliano in highball glass over two ice cubes. Pour Vodka, Gin and lime cordial into glass, and top with cream; serve hot. Antihuman workout instructions: Extend your right leg up, maintaining the position of your feet to bring your right foot forward. Start seated on the floor, and hold them there. Hold your knife in your right knee toward your chest. Keeping your neck neutral, recruit your core and draw in your right hand, an inch or two above the plate. Keeping your neck neutral, simultaneously extend your left arm and right leg, keeping your right leg up, maintaining the position of your body. Truths: What is your favorite thing to do with your friends that you’d never do in front of your parents? What’s the meanest thing you’ve ever said to a romantic partner? What’s the most insane thing you’ve done in front of your partner? What’s the meanest thing you’ve ever done in a bathroom? When’s the last time you got turned on? Dares:Let two people give you a new hairstyle. DM someone from your Instagram account and pretend to be the food. Call the 3rd contact on your phone and let them send one text to anyone in your contacts. Let the group look through your search history for two minutes. Call the library and ask if you can return a pizza. Go to the bathroom, take off your underwear and put it in your mouth for seconds. Spin around times and try to summon the rain. Go outside and try to sell a piece of trash to someone in the group of the opposite sex and allow a picture to be taken of you. &nbsp; &nbsp; Sing a praise song about a person in the group. https://yibo-fu.com/BubbleTex Wed, 23 Mar 2022 20:32:07 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/BubbleTex BubbleTex: Designing Heterogenous Wettable Areas for Carbonation Bubble Patterns on Surfaces Harpreet Sareen, Yibo Fu, Nour Boulahcen, Yasuaki Kakehi In Proceedings of CHI 2023, PDF In Proceedings of ISEA 2023, PDF Exhibited at Ars Electronica, Linz 2022 Provisional patent filed, all rights reserved <img width="6000" height="4000" width_o="6000" height_o="4000" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/252bac3aa3ae46563eff2b5fb0e58a9b65a7780c02afba842b2eecc4b4bb03b7/DSC04453-Edit.jpg" data-mid="150334712" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/252bac3aa3ae46563eff2b5fb0e58a9b65a7780c02afba842b2eecc4b4bb03b7/DSC04453-Edit.jpg" /> <img width="5472" height="3648" width_o="5472" height_o="3648" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/a583f3d45b016af077b1daaae3c3375a87e2f2a681c51cbeffd1a55d29e2c511/DT1A9934.JPG" data-mid="168419856" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/a583f3d45b016af077b1daaae3c3375a87e2f2a681c51cbeffd1a55d29e2c511/DT1A9934.JPG" /> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; We present a new fabrication technique that enables control of CO2 bubble positions and their size within carbonated liquids. We show creation of patterns, images and text through sessile bubbles that exhibit a lifetime of several days. Surfaces with mixed wettability regions are created on glass and plastic using ceramic coatings or plasma projection leading to patterns that are relatively invisible to the human eye. Different regions react to liquids differently. Nucleation is activated after carbonated liquid is poured onto the surface with bubbles nucleating in hydrophobic regions with a strong adherence to the surface and can be controlled in size ranging from 0.5mm – 6.5mm. Various applications are presented to demonstrate aspects that may be harnessed for a wide range of use in daily life. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Through this work, we enable the use of carbonation bubbles as a new design material for designers and researchers. <img width="1920" height="1080" width_o="1920" height_o="1080" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/26211fcda1f8fac9e5decf6b7199b1e989eccb148225014efc3096fef0485814/hand-brush-canvas.jpg" data-mid="168419894" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/26211fcda1f8fac9e5decf6b7199b1e989eccb148225014efc3096fef0485814/hand-brush-canvas.jpg" /> <img width="2484" height="1386" width_o="2484" height_o="1386" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/cff4cee3857ac5a0faa0991c48233d6013456fc6a7381787fbc26b0ca90fc598/WechatIMG299528.jpeg" data-mid="168418848" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/cff4cee3857ac5a0faa0991c48233d6013456fc6a7381787fbc26b0ca90fc598/WechatIMG299528.jpeg" /> <img width="6000" height="4000" width_o="6000" height_o="4000" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/d01356b1c4d83c677371ba86918a00a04e1e37c0155b0779c8f0e5562552ee32/DSC03511.jpg" data-mid="141271086" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/d01356b1c4d83c677371ba86918a00a04e1e37c0155b0779c8f0e5562552ee32/DSC03511.jpg" /> <img width="6098" height="4065" width_o="6098" height_o="4065" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/d4ce8f9b658e571053da10955e01ea1936d7b4e6ce1eeedcefd63f4a3013138a/chi-cover-bubbletex.jpg" data-mid="174783615" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/d4ce8f9b658e571053da10955e01ea1936d7b4e6ce1eeedcefd63f4a3013138a/chi-cover-bubbletex.jpg" /> <img width="2768" height="1560" width_o="2768" height_o="1560" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/b53644c89ce121dc00e01ad4c7cff6c154b50a70fbbb8c7a5990b522109b03d3/DSC05976.jpg" data-mid="177709140" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/b53644c89ce121dc00e01ad4c7cff6c154b50a70fbbb8c7a5990b522109b03d3/DSC05976.jpg" /> <img width="4240" height="2384" width_o="4240" height_o="2384" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/e91a56f3ac48a90a99970e95526a632abd8bcaa2ebf95ad8bc1f3ca72e95600b/DSC06466.JPG" data-mid="174783573" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/e91a56f3ac48a90a99970e95526a632abd8bcaa2ebf95ad8bc1f3ca72e95600b/DSC06466.JPG" /> <img width="6000" height="4000" width_o="6000" height_o="4000" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/d58480cc131f932a44ccf84ca8d8dc9742828108a8115b2d88f08b62e66a6722/DSC03534.jpg" data-mid="141270886" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/d58480cc131f932a44ccf84ca8d8dc9742828108a8115b2d88f08b62e66a6722/DSC03534.jpg" /> <img width="6141" height="4094" width_o="6141" height_o="4094" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/696aaf220046227e9f57a8d42052ccd010a8296a996e3ce2f6fe9aaaed235588/IMG_8365-Edit.jpg" data-mid="177709284" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/696aaf220046227e9f57a8d42052ccd010a8296a996e3ce2f6fe9aaaed235588/IMG_8365-Edit.jpg" /> <img width="5841" height="3894" width_o="5841" height_o="3894" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/bf7708135f1feea00fb9bdab9f0739987c8468bffe7c75210974862283c9d0b2/DSC03025.jpg" data-mid="137673365" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/bf7708135f1feea00fb9bdab9f0739987c8468bffe7c75210974862283c9d0b2/DSC03025.jpg" /> <img width="2562" height="1705" width_o="2562" height_o="1705" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/b3cab80241056f35a06f8aa493f88874f9d4d775dcdcca57775a681b4079cf0e/IMG_8290.jpg" data-mid="174783572" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/b3cab80241056f35a06f8aa493f88874f9d4d775dcdcca57775a681b4079cf0e/IMG_8290.jpg" /> We designed a custom tool based on&nbsp;p5.JS that allows users to create such wettability patterns by consolidating image import (color or grayscale), grayscale conversion, and corresponding bubbles pixelation in a single pipeline. User-imported images are analyzed against the background. <img width="3671" height="2550" width_o="3671" height_o="2550" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/8230ef582c40ba4cf3fc0c4f8775516c04f38dcca97f97ae50326ce5a2dd351b/bubble-nucleation-project-illustration_-1.png" data-mid="174783245" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/8230ef582c40ba4cf3fc0c4f8775516c04f38dcca97f97ae50326ce5a2dd351b/bubble-nucleation-project-illustration_-1.png" /> <img width="2763" height="1868" width_o="2763" height_o="1868" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/9bb103a5cca2d55acaeeab4a9447bb99c5815ea540e6c7bc54a14f6fc042d3b1/bubble-merging-CHI-2023.png" data-mid="174783244" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/9bb103a5cca2d55acaeeab4a9447bb99c5815ea540e6c7bc54a14f6fc042d3b1/bubble-merging-CHI-2023.png" /> Hydrophobicity created by ceramic coating/plasma treatment <img width="3776" height="2832" width_o="3776" height_o="2832" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/8add22b204e592787e5db711f05b0b284868487be3a10eca018f2a8398cb4e7a/ephemera002.jpg" data-mid="177711990" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/8add22b204e592787e5db711f05b0b284868487be3a10eca018f2a8398cb4e7a/ephemera002.jpg" /> <img width="3776" height="2832" width_o="3776" height_o="2832" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/d6eec29f3b3adb0e4289b9e0305cec784fc5dbc0234a980de19e80147d6abbbb/ephemera004.jpg" data-mid="177711991" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/d6eec29f3b3adb0e4289b9e0305cec784fc5dbc0234a980de19e80147d6abbbb/ephemera004.jpg" /> Exhibition at Ars Electronica, Linz, 2022 https://yibo-fu.com/No-touch-Timer Mon, 17 Jan 2022 01:52:23 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/No-touch-Timer No-touch Timer 2019 Red Dot Design Award, best of the Best(0.8%, 35 out of 4218) featured on Yanko DesignTeam: Yibo Fu, Ruoyu Wen <img width="1599" height="1150" width_o="1599" height_o="1150" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/c168074dccba58bff1be23ab6ee772fddaa480a883353470ea55f843c9250ebc/1.png" data-mid="131038668" border="0" alt="Doing cooking makes hands dirty and messy." data-caption="Doing cooking makes hands dirty and messy." src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/c168074dccba58bff1be23ab6ee772fddaa480a883353470ea55f843c9250ebc/1.png" /> <img width="1321" height="1150" width_o="1321" height_o="1150" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/5c40cf663d5eb98c3d3e67bce24004f5c1bddba829ec314a7dadd40aa5221b10/2.png" data-mid="131038669" border="0" alt=" Setting alarm clocks on phone or traditional timer would be a mess." data-caption=" Setting alarm clocks on phone or traditional timer would be a mess." src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/5c40cf663d5eb98c3d3e67bce24004f5c1bddba829ec314a7dadd40aa5221b10/2.png" /> <img width="1155" height="1150" width_o="1155" height_o="1150" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/61f9603880c39817e79343c637c2c4d622c4e0f17d45c0a809fe05dd9796dcf0/3.png" data-mid="131038670" border="0" alt=" Reach close to wake it up." data-caption=" Reach close to wake it up." src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/61f9603880c39817e79343c637c2c4d622c4e0f17d45c0a809fe05dd9796dcf0/3.png" /> <img width="1265" height="1150" width_o="1265" height_o="1150" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/c29e25ebeee67088d8a3030d53fca801f10469d76d43cf6918f1f77fede0d977/4-2.png" data-mid="131038671" border="0" alt=" Adjust the distance of your hand from the timer to set a desired time." data-caption=" Adjust the distance of your hand from the timer to set a desired time." src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/c29e25ebeee67088d8a3030d53fca801f10469d76d43cf6918f1f77fede0d977/4-2.png" /> <img width="1920" height="1200" width_o="1920" height_o="1200" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/0e972075c1d3132dcec31a97a3f1b55f50218a063227987b35d7c732a2d65378/timer-ready-ok.jpg" data-mid="130444912" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/0e972075c1d3132dcec31a97a3f1b55f50218a063227987b35d7c732a2d65378/timer-ready-ok.jpg" />Chances are that your hands are dirty, and you want to open some lids, switch on the oven and set the kitchen time… all at once. Chances are, you will not wash your hands and do all of the above and leave stains on lids, knobs and timer. Well, now with the No-Touch Timer – chances are that you will not soil it, and instead set the timer without even touching the device! The No-Touch Timer gives you the chance to set the timer hands-free. When it is in its default mode, the device functions like a clock, but when you bring your hands near it, the device transforms into a kitchen timer. You can set the timer hands-free by taking your hands close by to wake the clock up. You can adjust the hands from a distance and the further away you take your hands, the more time is added to the clock. The time includes real-time feedback on the screen, infrared sensors to detect how far hands are away from the device and thus converting into a corresponding time value, then&nbsp;simply move away and the timer is set. In essence, the further away the hand is from the timer, the longer time will be set. <img width="7000" height="4376" width_o="7000" height_o="4376" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/328285bc7114eefdf4661bda1d5f7f83a76c4a61f34ac765b5115bfae0843ee9/timer-ready-2-01.png" data-mid="131038782" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/328285bc7114eefdf4661bda1d5f7f83a76c4a61f34ac765b5115bfae0843ee9/timer-ready-2-01.png" /> <img width="1680" height="840" width_o="1680" height_o="840" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/fa865d5e7a162a9e2c227264dcc68304a56f9bc8fd15416630e39e3924a861cf/timer-ready-lay-down.jpg" data-mid="133994738" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/fa865d5e7a162a9e2c227264dcc68304a56f9bc8fd15416630e39e3924a861cf/timer-ready-lay-down.jpg" /> <img width="1024" height="1024" width_o="1024" height_o="1024" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/fdaf777d61790455b08d7075a786579caa01bdc1323cf8404476ad9354a048aa/TYPE-C.jpg" data-mid="133994739" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/fdaf777d61790455b08d7075a786579caa01bdc1323cf8404476ad9354a048aa/TYPE-C.jpg" /> <img width="3703" height="4000" width_o="3703" height_o="4000" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/e66b3f851e39e592c6f9ae3b2a73b69b4cfdc0ea64e89dd58ecfd76039891bcd/IMG_0174.jpg" data-mid="131038844" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/e66b3f851e39e592c6f9ae3b2a73b69b4cfdc0ea64e89dd58ecfd76039891bcd/IMG_0174.jpg" /> <img width="3751" height="3751" width_o="3751" height_o="3751" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/8d29bc944f045efc71130329b6d7369b555e5d2ff7d0d24d9e1f7f9f49ba131b/no-touch-timer-inside.jpg" data-mid="131038781" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/8d29bc944f045efc71130329b6d7369b555e5d2ff7d0d24d9e1f7f9f49ba131b/no-touch-timer-inside.jpg" /> Off&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;On Process: <img width="2852" height="3949" width_o="2852" height_o="3949" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/4ce7bd637a36d0d14344f56084c029fe14e32cf26b535fec379332d837df869c/-2.jpg" data-mid="133297119" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/4ce7bd637a36d0d14344f56084c029fe14e32cf26b535fec379332d837df869c/-2.jpg" /> <img width="3744" height="5616" width_o="3744" height_o="5616" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/1d8fcd4b9d475a16a156d838e806e5af76e765d55e8132f041578527133095a3/IMG_5365.jpg" data-mid="133297150" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/1d8fcd4b9d475a16a156d838e806e5af76e765d55e8132f041578527133095a3/IMG_5365.jpg" /> <img width="2019" height="1542" width_o="2019" height_o="1542" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/545902e9013f8b1ae52493940e46f3ca0525015ba8f954e9316a528e1ddd9328/IMG_2093.PNG" data-mid="133297159" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/545902e9013f8b1ae52493940e46f3ca0525015ba8f954e9316a528e1ddd9328/IMG_2093.PNG" /> <img width="2955" height="3744" width_o="2955" height_o="3744" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/a0b08a355ad8299f360bcbb868df48ab889b5cb88883bd09e5fa5477cbf6ea7b/IMG_5329.jpg" data-mid="133297183" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/a0b08a355ad8299f360bcbb868df48ab889b5cb88883bd09e5fa5477cbf6ea7b/IMG_5329.jpg" /> &nbsp; Prototype function test <img width="899" height="854" width_o="899" height_o="854" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/1d74cd0181c3a3b6b67113563282f4f214b32442b1791ad6d75899def136f75a/WechatIMG737.png" data-mid="131038783" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/899/i/1d74cd0181c3a3b6b67113563282f4f214b32442b1791ad6d75899def136f75a/WechatIMG737.png" /> <img width="2480" height="3385" width_o="2480" height_o="3385" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/551cb5a3b9de6b900f829fcf69cdabbcb501d53345146d4dc24d77f588aef695/2.0.jpg" data-mid="132653260" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/551cb5a3b9de6b900f829fcf69cdabbcb501d53345146d4dc24d77f588aef695/2.0.jpg" /> <img width="665" height="1182" width_o="665" height_o="1182" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/e79f8df9ca894f3f859163d1dad4d7be508efde8eec6b64cacd77e4d6e20121f/4926E37D-1336-4434-9AD1-93C9B053A204_1_105_c.jpeg" data-mid="134172919" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/665/i/e79f8df9ca894f3f859163d1dad4d7be508efde8eec6b64cacd77e4d6e20121f/4926E37D-1336-4434-9AD1-93C9B053A204_1_105_c.jpeg" /> https://yibo-fu.com/Reconfigurable-double-sided-smart-textile-circuit-with-liquid-metal Sat, 22 Apr 2023 06:13:20 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/Reconfigurable-double-sided-smart-textile-circuit-with-liquid-metal Reconfigurable double-sided smart textile circuit with liquid metalChanho Jeong, Ki Yoon Kwon, Di Wu, Yibo Fu, Yeong-sinn Ye,&nbsp; Sang Gil Lee,&nbsp;Beomchan Kang,&nbsp;Lining Yao, Tae-il Kim, Carmel Majidi Materials Horizons,&nbsp;doi.org/10.1039/D5MH00462D <img width="501" height="282" width_o="501" height_o="282" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/6e3e7451deb5b1253e17ce97e40c7f29b36e684d445c706b68cd3d5e0692d2fa/chanho-cover.png" data-mid="208554414" border="0" data-scale="100" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/501/i/6e3e7451deb5b1253e17ce97e40c7f29b36e684d445c706b68cd3d5e0692d2fa/chanho-cover.png" />Smart textiles have emerged as a promising alternative to printed circuit boards (PCBs) for electronics that are flexible, lightweight, and stretchable. However, many existing solutions fall short of providing sufficient electrical properties or are limited to single-sided circuit designs, significantly reducing their utility. In this study, we present a smart textile based on liquid metal and silver flakes that allows for double-sided circuit configurations without the need for via holes, offering advantages beyond conventional PCB technologies. This approach allows users to insulate or connect top and bottom circuits as needed, even when the circuits overlap or intersect. The inherent properties of liquid metal facilitate pressure-induced sintering, working in synergy with textiles to provide users with the ability to dynamically alter circuits. This unique feature enables real-time customization, allowing for the addition, removal, or replacement of circuits through straightforward cutting and stitching processes. Demonstrating these characteristics, we showcase diverse applications, including a wristband with a replaceable LED indicator circuit, a reversible teddy bear cloth with two distinct functions, and a customizable DIY heating glove. This double-sided textile circuit that is patterned with pressure-controlled drawing offers new possibilities for multifunctional wearable electronics, bridging the gap between traditional PCBs and flexible smart textiles. <img src="https://pubs.rsc.org/image/article/2025/mh/d5mh00462d/d5mh00462d-f1.gif"> <img src="https://pubs.rsc.org/image/article/2025/mh/d5mh00462d/d5mh00462d-f3.gif"> <img src="https://pubs.rsc.org/image/article/2025/mh/d5mh00462d/d5mh00462d-f5.gif"> https://yibo-fu.com/Intrinsically-Soft-Printed-Electronics-for-Digitally-Augmented-Human Tue, 23 Sep 2025 04:22:57 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/Intrinsically-Soft-Printed-Electronics-for-Digitally-Augmented-Human Intrinsically Soft Printed Electronics for Digitally Augmented Human Sensing and Vision Nathan Zavanelli, Manuel Carneiro, Michael Vinciguerra, Dinesh Patel, Guo Sue, Yibo Fu, Mahmoud Tavakoli, Carmel Majidi Advanced Functional Materials, 2025&nbsp; DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202519702Augmenting human sensing with wearable electronics has the potential to revolutionize how to interact with the environment, enabling “superhuman” abilities to incorporate new data streams into the daily experience. However, existing soft conductive inks and printing methods for soft electronics microfabrication are limited in their ability to produce the complex multi-layer circuit architectures required for supporting CMOS cameras and other multiplexed sensing capabilities. Here, this challenge is addressed by introducing a soft-matter conductive ink that is compatible with direct ink write (DIW) printing for creating complex, sticker-like, multilayer circuits for augmented human sensing and vision. The ink is composed of fluidic, elastomeric, and nanomaterial phases that enable unique combinations of DIW-compatible rheology, post-print elasticity, and electrical conductivity that are tailored for rapid printing of intrinsically soft, multi-layered digital circuits. The use of electrical overpasses obviates the need for complicated vias, enabling sophisticated circuits to be fabricated in a simple, rapid process with no manual steps. This fabrication approach is validated with three functional demonstrations: a wearable pressure and temperature sensor, a high-resolution pressure sensing array, and a wearable CMOS camera circuit that livestreams a high-resolution (1024 × 768) and low-latency (&lt;0.2 ms) video feed to an augmented reality headset. <img width="1653" height="2173" width_o="1653" height_o="2173" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/19ca9ea23660e7b6849ec15359400a7a0e2ec25444bceabedabf23726fb1953d/adfm73145-gra-0001-m.jpg" data-mid="245582345" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/19ca9ea23660e7b6849ec15359400a7a0e2ec25444bceabedabf23726fb1953d/adfm73145-gra-0001-m.jpg" /> <img width="1364" height="1354" width_o="1364" height_o="1354" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/530998528ae6c44f960347556e5f1a935bbd6766dc485ab447546c70b4c0f20e/nathan.jpg" data-mid="240031338" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/530998528ae6c44f960347556e5f1a935bbd6766dc485ab447546c70b4c0f20e/nathan.jpg" /><img width="1364" height="782" width_o="1364" height_o="782" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/6f1c541cd4b41f2e214cbe8b5796338246df0b0f95d31594b931433b27762414/nathan-fig4.jpg" data-mid="240031339" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/6f1c541cd4b41f2e214cbe8b5796338246df0b0f95d31594b931433b27762414/nathan-fig4.jpg" /> https://yibo-fu.com/Fully-Soft-Robotic-Fabric Sat, 20 Jan 2024 10:06:55 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/Fully-Soft-Robotic-Fabric Fully Soft Robotic Fabric A collaboration project between CMU and PATPAT for interactive children clothing research. All rights reserved to PATPAT &amp; CMU <img width="582" height="328" width_o="582" height_o="328" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/e619256480e46ceb7a74a27d4346e167bc0cf35e5c293793771ca6b13c11e0de/patpat-sma-1.gif" data-mid="224469347" border="0" data-scale="100" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/582/i/e619256480e46ceb7a74a27d4346e167bc0cf35e5c293793771ca6b13c11e0de/patpat-sma-1.gif" /> In this project, we integrated 3 types of intrincally soft actuators -&nbsp;hydrogel, shape memory alloy (SMA), and liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) into textile-based soft goods to create interactive children’s clothing with playful, morphing features—such as animated characters that bend or transform (e.g., dinosaur hand and dog tongue). The actuators were designed to be soft, stretchable, and bendable, supporting multiple actuation modes. We conducted cyclic durability, tensile, and washing tests to evaluate performance and robustness. (All quantitative data are not open to public and are available only upon request.) <img width="1446" height="498" width_o="1446" height_o="498" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/5d65e2c3f08aa3a522a4e0c9a499aba99bf50ad389c1b89e998355c9b0f45387/Screenshot-2025-10-29-at-00.06.30.png" data-mid="240000911" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/5d65e2c3f08aa3a522a4e0c9a499aba99bf50ad389c1b89e998355c9b0f45387/Screenshot-2025-10-29-at-00.06.30.png" />SMA based actuator LCE based actuator https://yibo-fu.com/Morphing-Program-Robotic-Arm-3D-Printing Mon, 09 Mar 2026 18:43:35 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/Morphing-Program-Robotic-Arm-3D-Printing Robotic Arm 3D Printing <img width="3024" height="4032" width_o="3024" height_o="4032" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/58c9c8e58df3778c86485bf8ac645662b3524b0be918958f1fc118898b6eeab9/IMG_1073.png" data-mid="245804526" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/58c9c8e58df3778c86485bf8ac645662b3524b0be918958f1fc118898b6eeab9/IMG_1073.png" /> https://yibo-fu.com/Ceramics-Kiln-firing Mon, 17 Jan 2022 01:52:26 +0000 Yibo Fu https://yibo-fu.com/Ceramics-Kiln-firing Ceramics &amp; Kiln firingCactus Cup, 2020 <img width="5318" height="3545" width_o="5318" height_o="3545" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/48354373c4edd44bd3dd3319165357697bddd07deabafa6c818b75fb91b93024/2.jpg" data-mid="130432261" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/48354373c4edd44bd3dd3319165357697bddd07deabafa6c818b75fb91b93024/2.jpg" /> <img width="5616" height="3744" width_o="5616" height_o="3744" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/648acccae7372533427a5e7663254440ccaca4f3bb7956349bc2b873fdada22a/1.jpg" data-mid="130521050" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/648acccae7372533427a5e7663254440ccaca4f3bb7956349bc2b873fdada22a/1.jpg" /> <img width="5490" height="3660" width_o="5490" height_o="3660" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/c3459a3bc403cdf589e32d491dd393abc9dd1b3f32d1292befdb4d0320ac5f74/5.jpg" data-mid="130541527" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/c3459a3bc403cdf589e32d491dd393abc9dd1b3f32d1292befdb4d0320ac5f74/5.jpg" /> <img width="5616" height="3744" width_o="5616" height_o="3744" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/b5f01b7da0067dc1cb70ec5007437f496a32bf9e3bf74568e7329532bf5c68c8/7.jpg" data-mid="130521047" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/b5f01b7da0067dc1cb70ec5007437f496a32bf9e3bf74568e7329532bf5c68c8/7.jpg" /> Ceramic dumbbells: Light or heavy? <img width="5616" height="3744" width_o="5616" height_o="3744" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/75d3ee3ab1b0888954e8dab8ef68d0e827d7f361567fd0ddb6891ec2885d0d11/6.jpg" data-mid="130521045" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/75d3ee3ab1b0888954e8dab8ef68d0e827d7f361567fd0ddb6891ec2885d0d11/6.jpg" /> <img width="5616" height="3744" width_o="5616" height_o="3744" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/fae6709cfea985edaaae14ce7a48cbe5be9725bbb89b1cb3a2d4c78fb9027595/IMG_5912.jpg" data-mid="130521044" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/fae6709cfea985edaaae14ce7a48cbe5be9725bbb89b1cb3a2d4c78fb9027595/IMG_5912.jpg" /> <img width="4947" height="3298" width_o="4947" height_o="3298" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/f76c5c694ce271104829bbbc35dd1825a49831bc36988b80453e9027361f4fb3/8.jpg" data-mid="130521049" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/f76c5c694ce271104829bbbc35dd1825a49831bc36988b80453e9027361f4fb3/8.jpg" /> <img width="4973" height="3315" width_o="4973" height_o="3315" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/0b2bed0e01071de9311d2a210859a9834d3bd8d73af153e4b99424b16ea3758a/IMG_5936.jpg" data-mid="131039508" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/0b2bed0e01071de9311d2a210859a9834d3bd8d73af153e4b99424b16ea3758a/IMG_5936.jpg" /> Process of traditional chai kiln(柴烧) in Bayuquan, Liaoning, North China <img width="1279" height="1706" width_o="1279" height_o="1706" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/904369f43c8b4033175c0304cf6040c4109105d217eeb10e348aca3863e64c5c/3501643491536_.pic.jpg" data-mid="131864067" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/904369f43c8b4033175c0304cf6040c4109105d217eeb10e348aca3863e64c5c/3501643491536_.pic.jpg" /> <img width="1706" height="1279" width_o="1706" height_o="1279" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/1c575a9aa8ae85581bdc0adf82302e3e73d3ea274741c5c1152993382fe43135/3541643491536_.pic.jpg" data-mid="131864071" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/1c575a9aa8ae85581bdc0adf82302e3e73d3ea274741c5c1152993382fe43135/3541643491536_.pic.jpg" /> <img width="1279" height="1706" width_o="1279" height_o="1706" 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data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/b4b7d113a90b60cb8047b2c7f57eb8b5cee65e08fdd355e2df211d8cb41713e5/4A5C0B85-25AB-4CE2-8D00-E441E3410AB2.GIF" data-mid="131878333" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/320/i/b4b7d113a90b60cb8047b2c7f57eb8b5cee65e08fdd355e2df211d8cb41713e5/4A5C0B85-25AB-4CE2-8D00-E441E3410AB2.GIF" /> <img width="1706" height="1279" width_o="1706" height_o="1279" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/25fa7d93f4430db37d3cc5755b492578daf7aeb5b75e7f8fd3ffad1c35247c94/3581643491536_.pic.jpg" data-mid="131864075" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/25fa7d93f4430db37d3cc5755b492578daf7aeb5b75e7f8fd3ffad1c35247c94/3581643491536_.pic.jpg" /> <img width="1431" height="1279" width_o="1431" height_o="1279" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/850d9046cb9574e771d2298a100d02d962218a805b73df242ee0e1648a7dc04b/3571643491536_.pic.jpg" data-mid="131864074" border="0" 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